Endodontics is the branch of dentistry concerned with the treatment of root canals in teeth. Inside the hard tissue of the tooth (under the enamel and dentin layers), there is a section called the "pulp", which contains the lymph vessels, blood and nerve package that ensures the vitality of the tooth. This structure, called the pulp chamber, ensures the growth and eruption of teeth.
If tooth decay is not treated in the early stages, it progresses and reaches the pulp. At this stage, the pulp becomes inflamed and the patient experiences severe toothache. In the next stage, the acids secreted by the bacteria kill the pulp. In addition to caries, the pulp is also damaged in some tooth fractures. Diseased pulp tissue must be removed to protect the tooth and surrounding tissues. This procedure is called root canal treatment. Root canal treatment is performed under local anesthesia and the patient does not feel pain. In root canal treatment, a cavity is opened from the crown part of the tooth visible in the mouth to the nerve layer (pulp) of the tooth. From this hole, the root part of the tooth in the jawbone is entered. Pulp tissue is cleaned, nerves are removed, canals are cleared of microorganisms, that is, disinfected and expanded. After all these procedures, the pulp chamber is filled with special substances up to the root tip. Finally, a restoration is made to the crown part of the tooth, depending on the extent of the wear. Root canal treatment is at a critical point. If root canal treatment is delayed, toxins arising in the environment of decay and inflammation leak from the root tip and spread to the jawbone. Inflammation in the jawbone causes tooth loss and damage to the surrounding tissues.
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