The most effective way of prevention is vaccination. In addition, hand washing and, in necessary cases, antiviral agents will be helpful.
Vaccinated individuals have a lower chance of contracting the disease and the death rate due to influenza.
Flu season is between November and April in the Northern Hemisphere and between November and April in the Southern Hemisphere. Although it is more common in May and October, it can be seen at any time of the year. It takes 2 weeks for protective antibodies to form after vaccination. The protection rate is between 50-80%. Flu-related symptoms after vaccination are milder and shorter-term.
There are three forms of the vaccine in the USA;
- Intramuscular
- Intradermal injection
- Nasal spray form
The intramuscular form has been approved for adults and children over 6 months. It is similar and is approved for ages 18-64,
Nasal spray form is only approved for healthy children aged 2 and over and healthy adults up to the age of 49.
Pregnant women, individuals with weak immune systems, or those with chronic diseases should not use the nasal spray form of the vaccine because it contains live virus.
Considering its side effects; The most common side effect is pain at the injection site. Those with severe egg allergy should not use the nasal spray form of the vaccine. Other forms of the vaccine are safe in people with egg allergies. Nowadays, a vaccine form that is not produced in eggs (Flucelvax) is available and can be safely administered to those with egg allergies. Other side effects include body malaise, headache and low-grade fever (38 0C).
The vaccine can be administered to those aged 6 months and above. Vaccination is especially important in the following situations;
- Ages 50 and over,
- Those living in a crowded home environment,
- Those with chronic heart and lung problems. ,
- Those who have diabetes and kidney disease,
- Those who have HIV infection,
- Those who are between 6 months and 18 years of age and have to take aspirin treatment for a long time (increased Reye's syndrome risk),
- Influenza Women who will be pregnant during the autumn season,
Antiviral agents may reduce the severity of the disease after contact in some individuals.
In terms of infection control; It is important to wash your hands and cover your mouth when coughing. Water and soap are sufficient for hand washing; if not available, alcohol-based hand cleaners can be used.
Read: 0
