Ganglion cysts are encapsulated sacs filled with transparent joint fluid originating from the joint capsule or tendon sheaths in the wrist.
It is usually seen on the outer surface of the wrist. Sometimes it is seen at the junction of the thumb on the inner surface of the wrist. It is often harmless and may disappear over time.
Anatomy
The wrist consists of carpal bones, joint capsule and tendons. Ganglion is shaped like a balloon with a stalk extending from inside the joint to under the skin. It may occur in various joint neighborhoods.
Causes
Ganglion; They are called sacs containing transparent, jelly-like liquid inside. It is not known exactly what triggers the formation of this condition. It is common in young women, those who frequently use keyboards, those who do lacework and those who do gymnastics.
Clinical Complaints and Diagnosis
It takes up space. Due to their mass, they can be painful by compressing neighboring tissues such as nerves and tendons. Interestingly, large ganglia are usually not painful, whereas small ganglia, which are called hidden ganglia, can get between the joints of the wrist and be painful. They can shrink and grow, sometimes in green lentils, sometimes chickpeas, and sometimes larger in various sizes. It generally tends to be large in the active hand, and may shrink with rest.
At the point of diagnosis, the physician examines the hand manually. Transparency is evaluated with the light source. In terms of differential diagnosis, x-rays are taken to rule out bone tumors. MRI and Ultrasound may be requested to evaluate the exact structure of the cyst.
Treatment
Surgery is not the first choice.
- Observation; Ganglion is not a cancer. It may disappear during follow-up and may be painless.
- Rest; If it becomes painful with activity, the wrist is rested using a splint. Pain is relieved with medical treatment.
- Aspiration; Aspiration can be performed with a syringe in painful and large ganglia, but it tends to recur.
Surgical Treatment
Those who do not respond to the above treatments Painful ganglia are removed with a local and outpatient operation. There may be slight swelling after the surgery. Physical therapy is started upon early return to prevent joint stiffness. Usually you start working after 2 weeks.
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