What is the normal menstrual pattern?
The period from the beginning of one menstrual period to the beginning of the next menstrual period (1 cycle) should be between 21-35 days. It is normal for bleeding time to be 2-7 days. The average blood loss is around 35-40 ml during a menstrual period. This usually amounts to 3-5 pets per day. Generally, bleeding over 80 ml is considered excessive.
Bleeding that lasts longer than normal, bleeding that is less frequent, bleeding that is more frequent, or intermittent bleeding is called menstrual irregularities. There may be many reasons for this.
Oligomenorrhea: Menstruation less frequent than normal.
Polymenorrhea: Menstruation more frequent than normal.
Menorrhagia: Menstruation is regular but abundant.
Metrorrhagia: Menstrual intervals are unequal and irregular.
Delays: Those who have an active sexual life and an effective method of contraception. The most likely cause of menstrual delays in non-using women is pregnancy. The second possible reason is that there is no ovulation in that cycle and therefore the "shedding" is delayed. The reason for the unexpected delay in a woman with regular menstruation may be stress, seasonal changes, and location changes.
Other important causes of menstrual delay include monthly or quarterly contraceptive injections or hormone sticks applied to the arm. side effects of hormones.
Breakthrough bleeding: This is another menstrual irregularity that is common during the fertile period. The most likely cause is infections in the cervix. Other possible causes are fibroids and cervical polyps. The use of spirals, the use of birth control pills, monthly and quarterly injections and sticks applied to the arm may also cause breakthrough bleeding in the form of spotting.
Excessive menstruation (Hypermenorrhea) (Menorrhagia): Most likely. The reason is the cycle without ovulation. Other causes are the use of spirals, monthly and quarterly injections and sticks applied to the arm. An unrecognized pregnancy that results in a miscarriage can also be mistaken for menstrual bleeding.
Infrequent menstruation (Hypomenorrhea): The amount of bleeding during the menstrual period tends to decrease with age. Birth control pill use It also significantly reduces menstrual bleeding. Adhesions that appear in the endometrium (inner layer of the uterus) after problematic abortions may also cause less menstruation or, in advanced adhesions, no menstruation.
Frequent menstruation (Polymenorrhea): The most likely cause. It is a hormonal imbalance. Since breakthrough bleeding is often confused with menstrual bleeding, possible causes of breakthrough bleeding may be present here as well.
In addition to all these, in case of any bleeding more than normal, there is a possible disorder in the body's mechanisms for stopping bleeding and blood clotting. should come to mind. This may be a possible cause, especially during adolescence, and should be investigated.
Treatment:
It depends on whether there is an underlying cause for menstrual irregularity. Although drug treatment is usually required for this, surgery may also be required rarely (if there is a myoma, polyp, etc.).
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